Webui improvement (#481)

* update webui

* add token/s in webui

* add webui files

* fix webui first message disappear in some browser

* add missing html files

---------

Co-authored-by: firecoperana <firecoperana>

1 files changed, 838 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/examples/server/public_legacy/json-schema-to-grammar.mjs b/examples/server/public_legacy/json-schema-to-grammar.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b12bf2ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/server/public_legacy/json-schema-to-grammar.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,838 @@
+// WARNING: This file was ported from json_schema_to_grammar.py, please fix bugs / add features there first.
+const SPACE_RULE = '| " " | "\\n"{1,2} [ \\t]{0,20}';
+
+function _buildRepetition(itemRule, minItems, maxItems, opts={}) {
+  if (maxItems == 0) {
+    return '';
+  }
+  if (minItems === 0 && maxItems === 1) {
+    return `${itemRule}?`;
+  }
+
+
+  const separatorRule = opts.separatorRule ?? '';
+  const itemRuleIsLiteral = opts.itemRuleIsLiteral ?? false
+
+  if (separatorRule === '') {
+    if (minItems === 1 && maxItems === undefined) {
+      return `${itemRule}+`;
+    } else if (minItems === 0 && maxItems === undefined) {
+      return `${itemRule}*`;
+    } else {
+      return `${itemRule}{${minItems},${maxItems !== undefined ? maxItems : ''}}`;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const result = itemRule + ' ' + _buildRepetition(`(${separatorRule} ${itemRule})`, minItems > 0 ? minItems - 1 : 0, maxItems !== undefined ? maxItems - 1 : undefined);
+  return minItems === 0 ? `(${result})?` : result;
+}
+
+function _generateMinMaxInt(minValue, maxValue, out, decimalsLeft = 16, topLevel = true) {
+  const hasMin = minValue !== null;
+  const hasMax = maxValue !== null;
+
+  function digitRange(fromChar, toChar) {
+      out.push("[");
+      if (fromChar === toChar) {
+          out.push(fromChar);
+      } else {
+          out.push(fromChar);
+          out.push("-");
+          out.push(toChar);
+      }
+      out.push("]");
+  }
+
+  function moreDigits(minDigits, maxDigits) {
+      out.push("[0-9]");
+      if (minDigits === maxDigits && minDigits === 1) {
+          return;
+      }
+      out.push("{");
+      out.push(minDigits.toString());
+      if (maxDigits !== minDigits) {
+          out.push(",");
+          if (maxDigits !== Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+              out.push(maxDigits.toString());
+          }
+      }
+      out.push("}");
+  }
+
+  function uniformRange(fromStr, toStr) {
+      let i = 0;
+      while (i < fromStr.length && fromStr[i] === toStr[i]) {
+          i++;
+      }
+      if (i > 0) {
+          out.push("\"");
+          out.push(fromStr.slice(0, i));
+          out.push("\"");
+      }
+      if (i < fromStr.length) {
+          if (i > 0) {
+              out.push(" ");
+          }
+          const subLen = fromStr.length - i - 1;
+          if (subLen > 0) {
+              const fromSub = fromStr.slice(i + 1);
+              const toSub = toStr.slice(i + 1);
+              const subZeros = "0".repeat(subLen);
+              const subNines = "9".repeat(subLen);
+
+              let toReached = false;
+              out.push("(");
+              if (fromSub === subZeros) {
+                  digitRange(fromStr[i], String.fromCharCode(toStr.charCodeAt(i) - 1));
+                  out.push(" ");
+                  moreDigits(subLen, subLen);
+              } else {
+                  out.push("[");
+                  out.push(fromStr[i]);
+                  out.push("] ");
+                  out.push("(");
+                  uniformRange(fromSub, subNines);
+                  out.push(")");
+                  if (fromStr.charCodeAt(i) < toStr.charCodeAt(i) - 1) {
+                      out.push(" | ");
+                      if (toSub === subNines) {
+                          digitRange(String.fromCharCode(fromStr.charCodeAt(i) + 1), toStr[i]);
+                          toReached = true;
+                      } else {
+                          digitRange(String.fromCharCode(fromStr.charCodeAt(i) + 1), String.fromCharCode(toStr.charCodeAt(i) - 1));
+                      }
+                      out.push(" ");
+                      moreDigits(subLen, subLen);
+                  }
+              }
+              if (!toReached) {
+                  out.push(" | ");
+                  digitRange(toStr[i], toStr[i]);
+                  out.push(" ");
+                  uniformRange(subZeros, toSub);
+              }
+              out.push(")");
+          } else {
+              out.push("[");
+              out.push(fromStr[i]);
+              out.push("-");
+              out.push(toStr[i]);
+              out.push("]");
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  if (hasMin && hasMax) {
+      if (minValue < 0 && maxValue < 0) {
+          out.push("\"-\" (");
+          _generateMinMaxInt(-maxValue, -minValue, out, decimalsLeft, true);
+          out.push(")");
+          return;
+      }
+
+      if (minValue < 0) {
+          out.push("\"-\" (");
+          _generateMinMaxInt(0, -minValue, out, decimalsLeft, true);
+          out.push(") | ");
+          minValue = 0;
+      }
+
+      let minS = minValue.toString();
+      const maxS = maxValue.toString();
+      const minDigits = minS.length;
+      const maxDigits = maxS.length;
+
+      for (let digits = minDigits; digits < maxDigits; digits++) {
+          uniformRange(minS, "9".repeat(digits));
+          minS = "1" + "0".repeat(digits);
+          out.push(" | ");
+      }
+      uniformRange(minS, maxS);
+      return;
+  }
+
+  const lessDecimals = Math.max(decimalsLeft - 1, 1);
+
+  if (hasMin) {
+      if (minValue < 0) {
+          out.push("\"-\" (");
+          _generateMinMaxInt(null, -minValue, out, decimalsLeft, false);
+          out.push(") | [0] | [1-9] ");
+          moreDigits(0, decimalsLeft - 1);
+      } else if (minValue === 0) {
+          if (topLevel) {
+              out.push("[0] | [1-9] ");
+              moreDigits(0, lessDecimals);
+          } else {
+              moreDigits(1, decimalsLeft);
+          }
+      } else if (minValue <= 9) {
+          const c = minValue.toString();
+          const range_start = topLevel ? '1' : '0';
+          if (c > range_start) {
+              digitRange(range_start, String.fromCharCode(c.charCodeAt(0) - 1));
+              out.push(" ");
+              moreDigits(1, lessDecimals);
+              out.push(" | ");
+          }
+          digitRange(c, "9");
+          out.push(" ");
+          moreDigits(0, lessDecimals);
+      } else {
+          const minS = minValue.toString();
+          const length = minS.length;
+          const c = minS[0];
+
+          if (c > "1") {
+              digitRange(topLevel ? "1" : "0", String.fromCharCode(c.charCodeAt(0) - 1));
+              out.push(" ");
+              moreDigits(length, lessDecimals);
+              out.push(" | ");
+          }
+          digitRange(c, c);
+          out.push(" (");
+          _generateMinMaxInt(parseInt(minS.slice(1)), null, out, lessDecimals, false);
+          out.push(")");
+          if (c < "9") {
+              out.push(" | ");
+              digitRange(String.fromCharCode(c.charCodeAt(0) + 1), "9");
+              out.push(" ");
+              moreDigits(length - 1, lessDecimals);
+          }
+      }
+      return;
+  }
+
+  if (hasMax) {
+      if (maxValue >= 0) {
+          if (topLevel) {
+              out.push("\"-\" [1-9] ");
+              moreDigits(0, lessDecimals);
+              out.push(" | ");
+          }
+          _generateMinMaxInt(0, maxValue, out, decimalsLeft, true);
+      } else {
+          out.push("\"-\" (");
+          _generateMinMaxInt(-maxValue, null, out, decimalsLeft, false);
+          out.push(")");
+      }
+      return;
+  }
+
+  throw new Error("At least one of minValue or maxValue must be set");
+}
+
+class BuiltinRule {
+  constructor(content, deps) {
+    this.content = content;
+    this.deps = deps || [];
+  }
+}
+
+const PRIMITIVE_RULES = {
+  boolean        : new BuiltinRule('("true" | "false") space', []),
+  'decimal-part' : new BuiltinRule('[0-9]{1,16}', []),
+  'integral-part': new BuiltinRule('[0] | [1-9] [0-9]{0,15}', []),
+  number         : new BuiltinRule('("-"? integral-part) ("." decimal-part)? ([eE] [-+]? integral-part)? space', ['integral-part', 'decimal-part']),
+  integer        : new BuiltinRule('("-"? integral-part) space', ['integral-part']),
+  value          : new BuiltinRule('object | array | string | number | boolean | null', ['object', 'array', 'string', 'number', 'boolean', 'null']),
+  object         : new BuiltinRule('"{" space ( string ":" space value ("," space string ":" space value)* )? "}" space', ['string', 'value']),
+  array          : new BuiltinRule('"[" space ( value ("," space value)* )? "]" space', ['value']),
+  uuid           : new BuiltinRule('"\\"" [0-9a-fA-F]{8} "-" [0-9a-fA-F]{4} "-" [0-9a-fA-F]{4} "-" [0-9a-fA-F]{4} "-" [0-9a-fA-F]{12} "\\"" space', []),
+  char           : new BuiltinRule(`[^"\\\\\\x7F\\x00-\\x1F] | [\\\\] (["\\\\bfnrt] | "u" [0-9a-fA-F]{4})`, []),
+  string         : new BuiltinRule(`"\\"" char* "\\"" space`, ['char']),
+  null           : new BuiltinRule('"null" space', []),
+};
+
+// TODO: support "uri", "email" string formats
+const STRING_FORMAT_RULES = {
+  'date'            : new BuiltinRule('[0-9]{4} "-" ( "0" [1-9] | "1" [0-2] ) "-" ( \"0\" [1-9] | [1-2] [0-9] | "3" [0-1] )', []),
+  'time'            : new BuiltinRule('([01] [0-9] | "2" [0-3]) ":" [0-5] [0-9] ":" [0-5] [0-9] ( "." [0-9]{3} )? ( "Z" | ( "+" | "-" ) ( [01] [0-9] | "2" [0-3] ) ":" [0-5] [0-9] )', []),
+  'date-time'       : new BuiltinRule('date "T" time', ['date', 'time']),
+  'date-string'     : new BuiltinRule('"\\"" date "\\"" space', ['date']),
+  'time-string'     : new BuiltinRule('"\\"" time "\\"" space', ['time']),
+  'date-time-string': new BuiltinRule('"\\"" date-time "\\"" space', ['date-time']),
+}
+
+const RESERVED_NAMES = {'root': true, ...PRIMITIVE_RULES, ...STRING_FORMAT_RULES};
+
+const INVALID_RULE_CHARS_RE = /[^\dA-Za-z-]+/g;
+const GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE = /[\n\r"]/g;
+const GRAMMAR_RANGE_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE = /[\n\r"\]\-\\]/g;
+const GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPES = { '\r': '\\r', '\n': '\\n', '"': '\\"', '-': '\\-', ']': '\\]' };
+
+const NON_LITERAL_SET = new Set('|.()[]{}*+?');
+const ESCAPED_IN_REGEXPS_BUT_NOT_IN_LITERALS = new Set('^$.[]()|{}*+?');
+
+export class SchemaConverter {
+  constructor(options) {
+    this._propOrder = options.prop_order || {};
+    this._allowFetch = options.allow_fetch || false;
+    this._dotall = options.dotall || false;
+    this._rules = {'space': SPACE_RULE};
+    this._refs = {};
+    this._refsBeingResolved = new Set();
+  }
+
+  _formatLiteral(literal) {
+    const escaped = literal.replace(
+      GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE,
+      m => GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPES[m]
+    );
+    return `"${escaped}"`;
+  }
+
+  _formatRangeChar(literal) {
+    return JSON.stringify(literal).slice(1, -1).replace(
+      GRAMMAR_RANGE_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE,
+      m => GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPES[m]
+    );
+  }
+
+  _addRule(name, rule) {
+    let escName = name.replace(INVALID_RULE_CHARS_RE, '-');
+    let key = escName;
+
+    if (escName in this._rules) {
+      if (this._rules[escName] === rule) {
+        return key;
+      }
+
+      let i = 0;
+      while ((`${escName}${i}` in this._rules) && (this._rules[`${escName}${i}`] !== rule)) {
+        i += 1;
+      }
+      key = `${escName}${i}`;
+    }
+
+    this._rules[key] = rule;
+    return key;
+  }
+
+  async resolveRefs(schema, url) {
+    const visit = async (n) => {
+      if (Array.isArray(n)) {
+        return Promise.all(n.map(visit));
+      } else if (typeof n === 'object' && n !== null) {
+        let ref = n.$ref;
+        let target;
+        if (ref !== undefined && !this._refs[ref]) {
+          if (ref.startsWith('https://')) {
+            if (!this._allowFetch) {
+              throw new Error('Fetching remote schemas is not allowed (use --allow-fetch for force)');
+            }
+            const fetch = (await import('node-fetch')).default;
+
+            const fragSplit = ref.split('#');
+            const baseUrl = fragSplit[0];
+
+            target = this._refs[baseUrl];
+            if (!target) {
+              target = await this.resolveRefs(await fetch(ref).then(res => res.json()), baseUrl);
+              this._refs[baseUrl] = target;
+            }
+
+            if (fragSplit.length === 1 || fragSplit[fragSplit.length - 1] === '') {
+              return target;
+            }
+          } else if (ref.startsWith('#/')) {
+            target = schema;
+            ref = `${url}${ref}`;
+            n.$ref = ref;
+          } else {
+            throw new Error(`Unsupported ref ${ref}`);
+          }
+
+          const selectors = ref.split('#')[1].split('/').slice(1);
+          for (const sel of selectors) {
+            if (!target || !(sel in target)) {
+              throw new Error(`Error resolving ref ${ref}: ${sel} not in ${JSON.stringify(target)}`);
+            }
+            target = target[sel];
+          }
+
+          this._refs[ref] = target;
+        } else {
+          await Promise.all(Object.values(n).map(visit));
+        }
+      }
+
+      return n;
+    };
+
+    return visit(schema);
+  }
+
+  _generateUnionRule(name, altSchemas) {
+    return altSchemas
+      .map((altSchema, i) => this.visit(altSchema, `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : 'alternative-'}${i}`))
+      .join(' | ');
+  }
+
+  _visitPattern(pattern, name) {
+    if (!pattern.startsWith('^') || !pattern.endsWith('$')) {
+      throw new Error('Pattern must start with "^" and end with "$"');
+    }
+    pattern = pattern.slice(1, -1);
+    const subRuleIds = {};
+
+    let i = 0;
+    const length = pattern.length;
+
+    const getDot = () => {
+      let rule;
+      if (this._dotall) {
+        rule = '[\\U00000000-\\U0010FFFF]';
+      } else {
+        // Accept any character... except \n and \r line break chars (\x0A and \xOD)
+        rule = '[^\\x0A\\x0D]';
+      }
+      return this._addRule('dot', rule);
+    };
+
+
+    const toRule = ([s, isLiteral]) => isLiteral ? "\"" + s + "\"" : s;
+
+    const transform = () => {
+      const start = i;
+      // For each component of this sequence, store its string representation and whether it's a literal.
+      // We only need a flat structure here to apply repetition operators to the last item, and
+      // to merge literals at the and (we're parsing grouped ( sequences ) recursively and don't treat '|' specially
+      // (GBNF's syntax is luckily very close to regular expressions!)
+      const seq = [];
+
+      const joinSeq = () => {
+        const ret = [];
+        for (const [isLiteral, g] of groupBy(seq, x => x[1])) {
+          if (isLiteral) {
+            ret.push([[...g].map(x => x[0]).join(''), true]);
+          } else {
+            ret.push(...g);
+          }
+        }
+        if (ret.length === 1) {
+          return ret[0];
+        }
+        return [ret.map(x => toRule(x)).join(' '), false];
+      };
+
+      while (i < length) {
+        const c = pattern[i];
+        if (c === '.') {
+          seq.push([getDot(), false]);
+          i += 1;
+        } else if (c === '(') {
+          i += 1;
+          if (i < length) {
+            if (pattern[i] === '?') {
+              throw new Error(`Unsupported pattern syntax "${pattern[i]}" at index ${i} of /${pattern}/`);
+            }
+          }
+          seq.push([`(${toRule(transform())})`, false]);
+        } else if (c === ')') {
+          i += 1;
+          if (start <= 0 || pattern[start - 1] !== '(') {
+            throw new Error(`Unbalanced parentheses; start = ${start}, i = ${i}, pattern = ${pattern}`);
+          }
+          return joinSeq();
+        } else if (c === '[') {
+          let squareBrackets = c;
+          i += 1;
+          while (i < length && pattern[i] !== ']') {
+            if (pattern[i] === '\\') {
+              squareBrackets += pattern.slice(i, i + 2);
+              i += 2;
+            } else {
+              squareBrackets += pattern[i];
+              i += 1;
+            }
+          }
+          if (i >= length) {
+            throw new Error(`Unbalanced square brackets; start = ${start}, i = ${i}, pattern = ${pattern}`);
+          }
+          squareBrackets += ']';
+          i += 1;
+          seq.push([squareBrackets, false]);
+        } else if (c === '|') {
+          seq.push(['|', false]);
+          i += 1;
+        } else if (c === '*' || c === '+' || c === '?') {
+          seq[seq.length - 1] = [toRule(seq[seq.length - 1]) + c, false];
+          i += 1;
+        } else if (c === '{') {
+          let curlyBrackets = c;
+          i += 1;
+          while (i < length && pattern[i] !== '}') {
+            curlyBrackets += pattern[i];
+            i += 1;
+          }
+          if (i >= length) {
+            throw new Error(`Unbalanced curly brackets; start = ${start}, i = ${i}, pattern = ${pattern}`);
+          }
+          curlyBrackets += '}';
+          i += 1;
+          const nums = curlyBrackets.slice(1, -1).split(',').map(s => s.trim());
+          let minTimes, maxTimes;
+          if (nums.length === 1) {
+            minTimes = parseInt(nums[0], 10);
+            maxTimes = minTimes;
+          } else {
+            if (nums.length !== 2) {
+              throw new Error(`Invalid quantifier ${curlyBrackets}`);
+            }
+            minTimes = nums[0] ? parseInt(nums[0], 10) : 0;
+            maxTimes = nums[1] ? parseInt(nums[1], 10) : Infinity;
+          }
+
+          let [sub, subIsLiteral] = seq[seq.length - 1];
+
+          if (!subIsLiteral) {
+            let id = subRuleIds[sub];
+            if (id === undefined) {
+              id = this._addRule(`${name}-${Object.keys(subRuleIds).length + 1}`, sub);
+              subRuleIds[sub] = id;
+            }
+            sub = id;
+          }
+
+          seq[seq.length - 1] = [
+            _buildRepetition(subIsLiteral ? `"${sub}"` : sub, minTimes, maxTimes, {itemRuleIsLiteral: subIsLiteral}),
+            false
+          ];
+        } else {
+          let literal = '';
+          while (i < length) {
+            if (pattern[i] === '\\' && i < length - 1) {
+              const next = pattern[i + 1];
+              if (ESCAPED_IN_REGEXPS_BUT_NOT_IN_LITERALS.has(next)) {
+                i += 1;
+                literal += pattern[i];
+                i += 1;
+              } else {
+                literal += pattern.slice(i, i + 2);
+                i += 2;
+              }
+            } else if (pattern[i] === '"') {
+              literal += '\\"';
+              i += 1;
+            } else if (!NON_LITERAL_SET.has(pattern[i]) &&
+                (i === length - 1 || literal === '' || pattern[i + 1] === '.' || !NON_LITERAL_SET.has(pattern[i+1]))) {
+              literal += pattern[i];
+              i += 1;
+            } else {
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+          if (literal !== '') {
+            seq.push([literal, true]);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return joinSeq();
+    };
+
+    return this._addRule(name, "\"\\\"\" (" + toRule(transform()) + ") \"\\\"\" space")
+  }
+
+  _notStrings(strings) {
+    class TrieNode {
+      constructor() {
+        this.children = {};
+        this.isEndOfString = false;
+      }
+
+      insert(str) {
+        let node = this;
+        for (const c of str) {
+          node = node.children[c] = node.children[c] || new TrieNode();
+        }
+        node.isEndOfString = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const trie = new TrieNode();
+    for (const s of strings) {
+      trie.insert(s);
+    }
+
+    const charRuleName = this._addPrimitive('char', PRIMITIVE_RULES['char']);
+    const out = ['["] ( '];
+
+    const visit = (node) => {
+      const rejects = [];
+      let first = true;
+      for (const c of Object.keys(node.children).sort()) {
+        const child = node.children[c];
+        rejects.push(c);
+        if (first) {
+          first = false;
+        } else {
+          out.push(' | ');
+        }
+        out.push(`[${c}]`);
+        if (Object.keys(child.children).length > 0) {
+          out.push(' (');
+          visit(child);
+          out.push(')');
+        } else if (child.isEndOfString) {
+          out.push(` ${charRuleName}+`);
+        }
+      }
+      if (Object.keys(node.children).length > 0) {
+        if (!first) {
+          out.push(' | ');
+        }
+        out.push(`[^"${rejects.join('')}] ${charRuleName}*`);
+      }
+    };
+
+    visit(trie);
+
+    out.push(` )${trie.isEndOfString ? '' : '?'} ["] space`);
+    return out.join('');
+  }
+
+  _resolveRef(ref) {
+    let refName = ref.split('/').pop();
+    if (!(refName in this._rules) && !this._refsBeingResolved.has(ref)) {
+      this._refsBeingResolved.add(ref);
+      const resolved = this._refs[ref];
+      refName = this.visit(resolved, refName);
+      this._refsBeingResolved.delete(ref);
+    }
+    return refName;
+  }
+
+  _generateConstantRule(value) {
+    return this._formatLiteral(JSON.stringify(value));
+  }
+
+  visit(schema, name) {
+    const schemaType = schema.type;
+    const schemaFormat = schema.format;
+    const ruleName = name in RESERVED_NAMES ? name + '-' : name == '' ? 'root' : name;
+
+    const ref = schema.$ref;
+    if (ref !== undefined) {
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._resolveRef(ref));
+    } else if (schema.oneOf || schema.anyOf) {
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._generateUnionRule(name, schema.oneOf || schema.anyOf));
+    } else if (Array.isArray(schemaType)) {
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._generateUnionRule(name, schemaType.map(t => ({...schema, type: t}))));
+    } else if ('const' in schema) {
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._generateConstantRule(schema.const) + ' space');
+    } else if ('enum' in schema) {
+      const rule = '(' + schema.enum.map(v => this._generateConstantRule(v)).join(' | ') + ') space';
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, rule);
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'object') &&
+               ('properties' in schema ||
+                ('additionalProperties' in schema && schema.additionalProperties !== true))) {
+      const required = new Set(schema.required || []);
+      const properties = Object.entries(schema.properties ?? {});
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._buildObjectRule(properties, required, name, schema.additionalProperties));
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'object') && 'allOf' in schema) {
+      const required = new Set();
+      const properties = [];
+      const addComponent = (compSchema, isRequired) => {
+        const ref = compSchema.$ref;
+        if (ref !== undefined) {
+          compSchema = this._refs[ref];
+        }
+
+        if ('properties' in compSchema) {
+          for (const [propName, propSchema] of Object.entries(compSchema.properties)) {
+            properties.push([propName, propSchema]);
+            if (isRequired) {
+              required.add(propName);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+      for (const t of schema.allOf) {
+        if ('anyOf' in t) {
+          for (const tt of t.anyOf) {
+            addComponent(tt, false);
+          }
+        } else {
+          addComponent(t, true);
+        }
+      }
+
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._buildObjectRule(properties, required, name, null));
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'array') && ('items' in schema || 'prefixItems' in schema)) {
+      const items = schema.items ?? schema.prefixItems;
+      if (Array.isArray(items)) {
+        return this._addRule(
+          ruleName,
+          '"[" space ' +
+            items.map((item, i) => this.visit(item, `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}tuple-${i}`)).join(' "," space ') +
+            ' "]" space'
+        );
+      } else {
+        const itemRuleName = this.visit(items, `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}item`);
+        const minItems = schema.minItems || 0;
+        const maxItems = schema.maxItems;
+        return this._addRule(ruleName, '"[" space ' + _buildRepetition(itemRuleName, minItems, maxItems, {separatorRule: '"," space'}) + ' "]" space');
+      }
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'string') && 'pattern' in schema) {
+      return this._visitPattern(schema.pattern, ruleName);
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'string') && /^uuid[1-5]?$/.test(schema.format || '')) {
+      return this._addPrimitive(
+        ruleName === 'root' ? 'root' : schemaFormat,
+        PRIMITIVE_RULES['uuid']
+      );
+    } else if ((schemaType === undefined || schemaType === 'string') && `${schema.format}-string` in STRING_FORMAT_RULES) {
+      const primName = `${schema.format}-string`
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._addPrimitive(primName, STRING_FORMAT_RULES[primName]));
+    } else if (schemaType === 'string' && ('minLength' in schema || 'maxLength' in schema)) {
+      const charRuleName = this._addPrimitive('char', PRIMITIVE_RULES['char']);
+      const minLen = schema.minLength || 0;
+      const maxLen = schema.maxLength;
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, '"\\\"" ' + _buildRepetition(charRuleName, minLen, maxLen) + ' "\\\"" space');
+    } else if (schemaType === 'integer' && ('minimum' in schema || 'exclusiveMinimum' in schema || 'maximum' in schema || 'exclusiveMaximum' in schema)) {
+      let minValue = null;
+      let maxValue = null;
+      if ('minimum' in schema) {
+        minValue = schema.minimum;
+      } else if ('exclusiveMinimum' in schema) {
+        minValue = schema.exclusiveMinimum + 1;
+      }
+      if ('maximum' in schema) {
+        maxValue = schema.maximum;
+      } else if ('exclusiveMaximum' in schema) {
+        maxValue = schema.exclusiveMaximum - 1;
+      }
+
+      const out = ["("];
+      _generateMinMaxInt(minValue, maxValue, out);
+      out.push(") space");
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, out.join(''));
+    } else if ((schemaType === 'object') || (Object.keys(schema).length === 0)) {
+      return this._addRule(ruleName, this._addPrimitive('object', PRIMITIVE_RULES['object']));
+    } else {
+      if (!(schemaType in PRIMITIVE_RULES)) {
+        throw new Error(`Unrecognized schema: ${JSON.stringify(schema)}`);
+      }
+      // TODO: support minimum, maximum, exclusiveMinimum, exclusiveMaximum at least for zero
+      return this._addPrimitive(ruleName === 'root' ? 'root' : schemaType, PRIMITIVE_RULES[schemaType]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _addPrimitive(name, rule) {
+    let n = this._addRule(name, rule.content);
+    for (const dep of rule.deps) {
+      const depRule = PRIMITIVE_RULES[dep] || STRING_FORMAT_RULES[dep];
+      if (!depRule) {
+        throw new Error(`Rule ${dep} not known`);
+      }
+      if (!(dep in this._rules)) {
+        this._addPrimitive(dep, depRule);
+      }
+    }
+    return n;
+  }
+
+  _buildObjectRule(properties, required, name, additionalProperties) {
+    const propOrder = this._propOrder;
+    // sort by position in prop_order (if specified) then by original order
+    const sortedProps = properties.map(([k]) => k).sort((a, b) => {
+      const orderA = propOrder[a] || Infinity;
+      const orderB = propOrder[b] || Infinity;
+      return orderA - orderB || properties.findIndex(([k]) => k === a) - properties.findIndex(([k]) => k === b);
+    });
+
+    const propKvRuleNames = {};
+    for (const [propName, propSchema] of properties) {
+      const propRuleName = this.visit(propSchema, `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}${propName}`);
+      propKvRuleNames[propName] = this._addRule(
+        `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}${propName}-kv`,
+        `${this._formatLiteral(JSON.stringify(propName))} space ":" space ${propRuleName}`
+      );
+    }
+    const requiredProps = sortedProps.filter(k => required.has(k));
+    const optionalProps = sortedProps.filter(k => !required.has(k));
+
+    if (additionalProperties) {
+      const subName = `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}additional`;
+      const valueRule =
+        additionalProperties != null && typeof additionalProperties === 'object' ? this.visit(additionalProperties, `${subName}-value`)
+        : this._addPrimitive('value', PRIMITIVE_RULES['value']);
+
+      const key_rule =
+        sortedProps.length === 0 ? this._addPrimitive('string', PRIMITIVE_RULES['string'])
+        : this._addRule(`${subName}-k`, this._notStrings(sortedProps));
+
+      propKvRuleNames['*'] = this._addRule(
+        `${subName}-kv`,
+        `${key_rule} ":" space ${valueRule}`);
+      optionalProps.push('*');
+    }
+
+    let rule = '"{" space ';
+    rule += requiredProps.map(k => propKvRuleNames[k]).join(' "," space ');
+
+    if (optionalProps.length > 0) {
+      rule += ' (';
+      if (requiredProps.length > 0) {
+        rule += ' "," space ( ';
+      }
+
+      const getRecursiveRefs = (ks, firstIsOptional) => {
+        const [k, ...rest] = ks;
+        const kvRuleName = propKvRuleNames[k];
+        let res;
+        const commaRef = `( "," space ${kvRuleName} )`;
+        if (firstIsOptional) {
+          res = commaRef + (k === '*' ? '*' : '?');
+        } else {
+          res = kvRuleName + (k === '*' ? ' ' + commaRef + '*' : '');
+        }
+        if (rest.length > 0) {
+          res += ' ' + this._addRule(
+            `${name ?? ''}${name ? '-' : ''}${k}-rest`,
+            getRecursiveRefs(rest, true)
+          );
+        }
+        return res;
+      };
+
+      rule += optionalProps.map((_, i) => getRecursiveRefs(optionalProps.slice(i), false)).join(' | ');
+      if (requiredProps.length > 0) {
+        rule += ' )';
+      }
+      rule += ' )?';
+    }
+
+    rule += ' "}" space';
+
+    return rule;
+  }
+
+  formatGrammar() {
+    let grammar = '';
+    for (const [name, rule] of Object.entries(this._rules).sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b))) {
+      grammar += `${name} ::= ${rule}\n`;
+    }
+    return grammar;
+  }
+}
+
+// Helper function to group elements by a key function
+function* groupBy(iterable, keyFn) {
+  let lastKey = null;
+  let group = [];
+  for (const element of iterable) {
+    const key = keyFn(element);
+    if (lastKey !== null && key !== lastKey) {
+      yield [lastKey, group];
+      group = [];
+    }
+    group.push(element);
+    lastKey = key;
+  }
+  if (group.length > 0) {
+    yield [lastKey, group];
+  }
+}